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Which substance is not produced in tissue by negative galvanic action?

  1. Keratin

  2. Collagen

  3. Protein

  4. Fat

The correct answer is: Keratin

Keratin is a fibrous structural protein that is primarily formed in epithelial cells. It plays a critical role in forming protective barriers in the skin, hair, and nails. Negative galvanic action typically refers to the effects of electrical currents on biological tissues, often used in electrotherapy, which can stimulate the production of various substances such as collagen and other proteins. Collagen, for instance, is crucial for skin elasticity and found in connective tissues, and it can be enhanced through certain types of galvanic treatments. Proteins, in a broader sense, are synthesized from amino acids in tissues stimulated by various means, including electrical activity. Fat, or adipose tissue, is also a biological product that can be influenced by metabolic processes. In contrast, keratin does not significantly result from galvanic stimulation in the same way that collagen or other proteins are produced. Therefore, among the choices provided, keratin is the substance that is not produced in tissue by negative galvanic action.