Electrolysis Practice Exam

What is the function of a transformer?

1. A device that generates electricity

2. A device that increases or decreases voltage

3. A device that stores energy

4. A device that measures electrical current

The correct answer is: A device that increases or decreases voltage

The correct answer identifies the primary role of a transformer, which is to modify voltage levels in an alternating current (AC) electrical system. Transformers operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction, allowing them to either increase (step-up) or decrease (step-down) voltage while maintaining the same frequency of the electrical signal. This is particularly important in the transmission of electricity over long distances, where high voltage is used to minimize energy loss, and then transformed to lower voltages for safe distribution to homes and businesses. The other choices represent functions that transformers do not perform. For example, devices that generate electricity are typically generators, not transformers. Energy storage is managed by devices like batteries or capacitors, rather than transformers. Finally, while measuring electrical current involves specialized equipment like ammeters, this is not a function associated with transformers. Therefore, the function of a transformer is accurately described as increasing or decreasing voltage.